可以增加位移函数中的广义参数,通过分片试验的条件消去这些多余的广义参数,这样得到的位移插值函数会得到改善或完全满足分片试验的要求。这种方法的实质是改善了位移函数的空间,信捷职称论文写作发表网,但它的应用还非常少,其主要原因是计算中涉及求逆运算。目前计算机技术及软件的高速发展,尤其是代数运算软件的出现,这种做法也许会有一些生命力。下面举一个通过这种方法改善单元性能的例子。
(20)(i=1,2,3)
(21)
C后便可用常规方法得到单元刚度阵。
不规则网格
改进前
0.030052
0.065000
0.11000
0.017090
0.053492
0.091089
改进后
0.029375
0.065000
0.11000
0.016666
0.051481
0.085748
精确值
0.029375
0.065000
0.11000
0.016650
0.052000
0.086000
单元网格
4×4
8×8
16×16
精确值
四边
简支
改进前
0.01231
0.01205
0.01199
0.01198
0.01198
0.01160
改进后
0.012566
0.01190
0.01170
0.01163
0.01161
四边
固支
改进前
0.005837
0.005825
0.005799
0.005792
0.005791
0.005612
改进后
0.006397
0.005873
0.005699
0.005639
0.005620
5 总结
通过前面的讨论可以看出,各有限元法与分片试验是密不可分的,它们自觉或不自觉得满足了分片试验的要求。这些有限元法合理的共同原因也许在于它们能通过分片试验。
满足了应变约束条件的有限元法,一般是以损失连续性方程的严格性为代价的,这一点对计算结果一般影响不大,而且往往会改善计算精度,这些有限元法对分片试验的满足十分自然,但有些时候会涉及秩的问题;
使用了位移约束条件的有限元法,以损失位移函数在单元结点的准确程度为代价,换取了单元总体性能的改进,或者改善了位移试函数的插值空间,这类有限元法对在保持位移函数的几何对称性上有些困难。以上两类有限元法都得出了很多属于自己特色的单元。
[1] O.C.Zienkiewicz and R.L.Taylor, The Finite Element Method, (Fourth Edition), Mcgraw-Hill Book Company, 1988.
[4] T.H.H.Pian, Derivation of Element Stiffness Matrices by Assumed Stress Distributions, A.I.A.A.J., 1964, 2(7), 1333-1336
[5] T.H.H.Pian, and Dapeng Chen, Alternative Ways for Formulation of Hybrid Stress Elements, Int. J. Num. Meth. Eng., 1982, 18, 1679-1684
[9] Tang Limin, Chen Wanji and Liu Yingxi, String Net Function Approximation and Quasi-Conforming Technique, Hybrid and Mixed Finite Element Methods, S.N.Atluri, R.H.Gallagher and O.C.Zienkiewicz, John Wiley & Sons, 1983.
Patch Test and Finite Element MethodAbstract: This paper realized that the Patch Test is very important to Finite Element Methods. Derive the requirement to strain and displacement of Patch Test. Give the relationship between weak form of continuity equation and the Patch Test, through which the hybrid element method and quasi-conform element method are analyzed. Refined direct stiffness method and generalized conforming elements are also analyzed about why they can pass patch test. At last, as an example of using the requirement of patch test for displacement, improved the BCIZ Element.
Key Words: patch test, weak form, string-net function, finite element method