关于短期抗甲状腺药物治疗与抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体关系的研究(2)
作者:佚名; 更新时间:2014-12-12

  
  3 讨论
  
  自从1992年Stankus和Johnson[1]报道 PTU诱发的表现为呼吸衰竭的抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体阳性高敏感性血管炎,以及1993年Dolman等[2]从PTU治疗的甲状腺功能亢进症发生小血管炎患者血清中检测出ANCA,国内外陆续报道抗甲状腺药物治疗甲亢患者检出ANCA及发生相关小血管炎。所有报道均指出 PTU治疗患者可检出ANCA,发生ANCA相关小血管炎。并因停用PTU后ANCA转阴或滴度下降[8],小血管炎的临床症状迅速缓解,推断ANCA检出与PTU有关,PTU是致病的重要原因。随后横断面临床对照研究均提示,PTU治疗患者ANCA阳性率明显高于MMI或其他方法治疗患者ANCA阳性率。前瞻性研究极少,仅有的研究亦提示:PTU可使ANCA转阳,无转阴作用[9],MMI使ANCA转阴作用明显大于转阳作用[10]。因相关研究少和研究样本小,以及缺乏MMI与 PTU的前瞻性队列研究,PTU与MMI诱发ANCA有无差异目前尚缺乏前瞻性研究结论。横断面研究显示,ANCA多发生于长期药物治疗患者,尤其是治疗2年以上的患者,但亦有治疗时间仅数月(8个月)患者检测出ANCA。本研究因随访时间仅6个月,虽然无论 PTU或MMI治疗患者均未检测出ANCA,以及无血管炎发生。尚不能定论抗甲状腺药物不诱发ANCA。正如国内外报道,可推断短期抗甲状腺药物诱发ANCA可能性较小。尚有待继续长期观察药物治疗对ANCA的影响。?
  目前横断面研究指出,初诊未治疗甲亢患者血清中亦可检测出ANCA,差异较大(0.0%~67.0%)。小样本研究结论不一,0.0%~67.0%[3,11]。大样本研究中,结论比较一致,0.0%~6.0%[5,9]。本研究ANCA阳性率为3.3%(2/60),与国内外大样本研究结论一致。可以推定初诊未治疗甲亢患者检测出ANCA可能性较小。各种研究结果差异较大除与有的研究样本量小有关外,可能与种族差异、实验检测水平、及试剂盒来源不一等因素有关。?
  本研究提示ANCA与甲状腺疾病本身可能无关,短期的抗甲状腺药物治疗可能不诱发ANCA。?
  
  参考文献
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