碱性成纤维细胞生长因子促神经再生的研究进展(2)
作者：佚名； 更新时间：2014-12-13
成周围神经，神经损伤的性质是细胞损伤。损伤后不仅轴突断裂，还引起近端神经元坏死，远段神经变性，失神经支配的感觉、运动效应器退变萎缩，因此神经损伤不仅是损伤局部一个水平有病变，还包括神经元、效应器，是三个水平的病变，只注重损伤局部的处理是片面的。成功的神经再生要求：(1)保护近端神经元；(2)再生轴突快速、准确长向远段；(3)效应器未发生不可逆性退变；(4)再生轴突与效应器形成功能性突触。SC、基底膜和神经营养因子（Neurotrophic Factor，NTF）是发挥以上作用的物质要素。NTF是指能保护神经元，和／或促进轴突再生的物质，已提出NGF、睫状神经节营养因子(CNTF)、脑源性营养因子(BDNF)、bFGF等20余种。至今，NGF由于：(1)体内有特异受体；(2)体内外作用均有效；(3)制备的抗体能阻断活性，唯一得到证实，而bFGF及其受体在周围神经的表达及损伤后变化的研究正在开展，其在体运用的效能、抗体阻断的实验亦待进行，所以是一种潜在的、未完全证实的NTF，但在试验中已经展现了较NGF促神经再生活性广泛的特点，除与NGF一样能保护神经元、促进轴突生长外，还能刺激SC增殖，促进毛细血管形成改善损伤神经及周围组织的血供，因而又是很有潜力的，预计随着以上两方面研究的进展，bFGF作为一种NTF的性质将很快澄清，为神经损伤患者带来新的希望。
参考文献
[1] Grothe C，Meisinger C，Hertenstein A，et al. Expression of fibroblast growth factor-2 and fibroblast growth factor receptor-1 mRNAs in spinal ganglial and sciatic nerve：regulation after peripheral lession. Neurosci， 1997，76：123-135.
[2] Meisinger C，Grothe C.Differential regulation of fibroblast growth factor （FGF）-2 and FGF receptor mRNA and FGF-2 isoforms in spinal ganglial and sciatic nerve after peripheral nerve lesion. J Neurochem， 1997，68：1150-1158.
[3] Himmelseher S， Pfenninger E， Geo-rgieff M. Effect of basic fibroblast growth factor on hippocampal neurons after axonal injury. J Trauma， 1997，42：659-664.
[4] Malgrane B，Delree P， Rigo JM， et al. Imge analysis of neuritic regeneration by adult rat dorsal root ganglion neurons in culture. J Neurosci Methods， 1994， 53：111-122.
[5] Miyamoto O， Itano T， Fujisawa M， et al. Exogenous basic fibroblast growth factor and nerve growth factor enhance sprouting of acetylcholinesterase positive fibers in denervated rat hippocampus. Acta Med Okayama，1993，47：139-144.
[6] Nakahara Y， Gage FH， TuszynskiMH.Grafts of fibroblast genetically modified to secrete NGF， BDNF， NT-3，or basic FGF elicit differential responses in the adult spinal cord. Cell Transplant，1996，5：191-204.
[7] Baffour R，Berman J， Farb JL， et al. Enhanced angiogenesis and growth of collaterals by in vivo administration of recombinant bFGF in a rabbit model of acute lower limb ischemia：dose response effect of bFGF. J Vasc Surg, 1992，16：181-193.
[8] Nissen NN，Polverini PJ，Koch AE， et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor mediates angiogenic activity during the proliferative phase of wound healing. Am J Pathol， 1998，152：1445-1452.
参考文献
[1] Grothe C，Meisinger C，Hertenstein A，et al. Expression of fibroblast growth factor-2 and fibroblast growth factor receptor-1 mRNAs in spinal ganglial and sciatic nerve：regulation after peripheral lession. Neurosci， 1997，76：123-135.
[2] Meisinger C，Grothe C.Differential regulation of fibroblast growth factor （FGF）-2 and FGF receptor mRNA and FGF-2 isoforms in spinal ganglial and sciatic nerve after peripheral nerve lesion. J Neurochem， 1997，68：1150-1158.
[3] Himmelseher S， Pfenninger E， Geo-rgieff M. Effect of basic fibroblast growth factor on hippocampal neurons after axonal injury. J Trauma， 1997，42：659-664.
[4] Malgrane B，Delree P， Rigo JM， et al. Imge analysis of neuritic regeneration by adult rat dorsal root ganglion neurons in culture. J Neurosci Methods， 1994， 53：111-122.
[5] Miyamoto O， Itano T， Fujisawa M， et al. Exogenous basic fibroblast growth factor and nerve growth factor enhance sprouting of acetylcholinesterase positive fibers in denervated rat hippocampus. Acta Med Okayama，1993，47：139-144.
[6] Nakahara Y， Gage FH， TuszynskiMH.Grafts of fibroblast genetically modified to secrete NGF， BDNF， NT-3，or basic FGF elicit differential responses in the adult spinal cord. Cell Transplant，1996，5：191-204.
[7] Baffour R，Berman J， Farb JL， et al. Enhanced angiogenesis and growth of collaterals by in vivo administration of recombinant bFGF in a rabbit model of acute lower limb ischemia：dose response effect of bFGF. J Vasc Surg, 1992，16：181-193.
[8] Nissen NN，Polverini PJ，Koch AE， et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor mediates angiogenic activity during the proliferative phase of wound healing. Am J Pathol， 1998，152：1445-1452.
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