文化、自然和历史唯物主义观念(3)
作者:佚名; 更新时间:2014-12-05
,自然和文化的因素相互并存和相互融合,使得文化生态学和生态文化学成为客观事实,但文化和自然二因素的结合具有不确定性,因此,奥康纳的政治理想认为,单一生态学文化所导致的单纯绿色政治和单一文化生态学导致的单纯红色政治,应该在物质性和政治性的维度上被扬弃,作为“红”“绿”结合的生态学社会主义在逻辑上和实践中应走向前台。

     在《理由》的第三部分“社会主义和自然”中,奥康纳对生态学马克思主义的制度理想——生态学社会主义作了如下描述:“生态学社会主义是一种生态合理而敏感的社会,这种社会以对生产手段和对象、信息等的民主控制为基础,并以高度的社会经济平等、和睦以及社会公正为特征,在这个社会中,土地和劳动力被非商品化了,而且交换价值是从属于使用价值的。”(23)
    



 参考文献
    
     (1).米路斯·尼可利奇编:《处在21世纪前夜的社会主义》[M],重庆:重庆出版社1989年版,58。
     (2).(英)安东尼·吉登斯:《现代性的后果》[M],南京:译林出版社2000年版,152。
     (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23).(美)詹姆斯•奥康纳:《自然的理由》[M],南京:南京大学出版社2003年版,Ⅳ 、2、3~4、50、1、49、5~6、50、51、51、51~52、11、61、61、62~63、72、72、9、77、77、439~440。
    
     Culture,Nature and the Historical Materialist Conception
     ——the "Reconstuction" of Histotical Materialism
     introduced by Ecological Marxism
    
  
    
     Abstract:Ecological Marxism is one of the most infuential trends of thought of modern western Marxism," Natural Causes ",which concerns ecological Marxism ,is a academically well-written work of American modern ecologist James O'Conner. such as " the passion to the earth ,the ethics of earth centrism and the living problems of the southern countries' origined inhabitants and peasants " are " theoretical emptiness " in Marxism .Therefore ,the author tried to find a pattern of methodology to combine the subject of culture and nature and the category of labour or material production of traditional Marxism .O'Conner's conclusion is that Marx stated his point of view at the state of pre-anthropology and he did'nt comprehend the true meaning of modern-anthropology .In fact ,it was impossible for him to construct historical materialism historically and genuinely .I personally consider that ,in the process of " searching for method ",James O'Conner has accomplished the " reconstruction " of historical materialism introduced by ecological Marxism.
     Key Words:ecological Marxism;ecological socialism;productive forces;production relations;culture;nature;social labour
 
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