Equality between people is the most beautiful wish of human beings. Nevertheless, the absolute sense of equality will never be fulfilled. The rule of the reality will always be "Survival of the fittest". Civilization sometimes covers this problem, sometimes amends it, or whitewashes it, but there is no way that we can get rid of it, so long as the world is a diverse one and. people are doing more and more different jobs as society develops. Nevertheless, the progress of civilization should prove itself a more equal one by narrowing the gaps between people's incomes and their living conditions.
What is humanity? Almost everybody wants to be higher in social status and richer than others. This leads to competitions and fights. To make the majority satisfied, equality is the best way to balance many social conflicts between classes. Thus it is an essential part of the demands of humanity. Human nature is complicated. Selfishness, kindness to others, sympathy, jealousy... are all aspects of humanity. A mature and humane society should at least take some measures to diminish inequality between classes.
The Inner Party of Oceania uses patriotism as an artifice to distract people from focusing on important social problems such as inequality and class-hatred. In Nineteen Eighty-Four the wars between the three great powers are no longer a means to grab interest abroad, but to maintain the class distinction.
In the book that O'Brien gives Winston, it introduces the theory and practice of the oligarchical collectivism in Oceania. The book is assumed to be written by Emmanuel Goldstein, who is the enemy and traitor of the Party, but actually it is written by some Inner Party members and O'Brien is one of the writers. In the book it systematically analyzes the structure of the society. It points out the fact that there have been three classes in the world since a long time ago, and the essential structure of society has always been the High, the Middle and the Low. Revolutions and social changes can not shake this structure. The High and the Middle do not want the world to be an equal one, since it is natural for people to wish to be better off than others. What they try is to stay where they are or climb to higher social status if possible. It is only the wish of the to be equal with the other two classes. But when people are in the bottom of the social structure, the wish to be equal is almost naive, since day and night they go through so much toil that they have no energy and time to dwell on the problem of inequality and how they can shake off the bondage of their bad fate. When opportunity comes, and the Middle class think it is their time to become the High, they will use "liberty" and "justice" as slogans of their revolution to attract the Low to their side. Nevertheless, these are just slogans rather than the true aim of revolution.
The selfish nature of human beings ought to be the cause of the development of totalitarianism. When the elite of the ruling class get to learn the lessons of the previous High class of how they have been overthrown, they will try every means to avoid such mistakes as their predecessors made to remain the higher class. O'Brien is a typical representation of the elite ruling class in Oceania. He and others make a systematic study of the history and laws of social class distinctions and deliberately make efforts to crush the possible dangerous thoughts and deeds. They are very clear about the purpose of their every action. Thus they are stronger and more power
